How to Quickly Spot an Allergic Reaction

An allergic reaction occurs when your body encounters a substance and then develops an immune response as if it’s a harmful substance (like a virus). Just about anything can cause an allergic reaction: foods (peanuts and other nuts are a common one), materials like wool and latex, or any number of chemicals used in everyday products like cleaners and cosmetics. Sometimes people even experience allergic reactions to medications. 

It’s important to know the signs of an allergic reaction and know how to respond appropriately. 

Allergic reactions typically happen anywhere from seconds to minutes to a couple hours after exposure. An allergic reaction can surface after 24 hours, but this is rare. 

Allergic reactions can range from mild to severe. Here’s what to look out for: 

Physical responses such as itchy, watery eyes, swelling of the mouth, face and eyes, and hives localized to one part of the body indicate a mild reaction. Occasionally there may be a tingling sensation in the mouth or a mild rash that develops.  

Abdominal pain and vomiting can also indicate a mild allergic reaction. However, if the suspected allergy is an insect allergy, abdominal pain and vomiting is considered a severe allergic response. 

Signs of a severe allergic reaction are considered such because they can interfere with one’s ability to breathe. If someone is having difficulty breathing, if their breathing is very noisy, or if there is swelling of the throat and tongue or tightness in the throat then this is considered a severe reaction. If someone is wheezing, continuously coughing or experiencing trouble speaking, this indicates a severe reaction. If someone is extremely dizzy or collapses they are likely having a severe allergic reaction.  

In children, also be on the lookout if they appear extremely pale or if they are ‘floppy’ in their body.  

Anyone experiencing a severe allergic reaction (or if they’re unsure) should seek immediate medical attention. People with known severe allergies should always carry epinephrine with them; those with them should be aware of how to administer it and should not hesitate if they suspect a severe allergic reaction is developing. 

Mild allergic reactions may dissipate on their own or respond quickly to a topical cortisone cream or other over-the-counter medication. Consult with your medical provider if the reaction is new or you are unsure about treatment options. 

 If you have known severe allergies it can be lifesaving to wear a medical ID bracelet so that those around you can help in an emergency. 

Now that you know the signs of an allergic reaction you can keep an eye out to help those around you that may need support.